Psidium Guajava : A Review of Pharmacology

Abstract

Guava leaves are one of the plants that have antioxidant properties. Ethanol extract of guava leaves is obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol which is then delipidated with the non-polar solvent n-hexane. This study aims to make guava leaf extraction for use as a traditional medicine for several diseases. This method is carried out by reviewing literature by looking at 25 articles that have been searched on Google Scholar. The results of this literature prove that guava leaves (Psidium guajava) have long been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including diarrhea, bacterial infections, and digestive disorders. This review article aims to explore the pharmacological potential of guava leaves, with a focus on antidiarrheal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Based on the literature review, guava leaf extract contains bioactive compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols that play a role in providing therapeutic effects. Several studies have shown that guava leaves are effective in reducing the frequency and duration of diarrhea, and have significant antibacterial activity against pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Shigella. Furthermore, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of guava leaves may also protect the digestive tract from free radical damage and inflammation. Further research through clinical trials is needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of guava leaf use as an herbal therapy. This article hopes to provide deeper insight into the benefits of guava leaves in modern medicine and the development of plant-based medicines.